In a general sense, the motivation is said to need that drive action toward a certain goal. Every human in its essence has some needs at certain times of demanding gratification where things that can give you the satisfaction of the need are to be the destination of those needs.
The general principle applies to human needs is after the need was satisfied, after some time later, reappeared and demanded gratification again. This reappearance may be in the same goal or the goal has changed. Examples essential needs like eating, after eating, within a few hours later he will get hungry again.
Alternatively, a person who wants to promotion in his job, having met their needs and after the running time so many years, he began to think the need for promotion to the higher level again. Thus, the process is continuous for all kinds of needs.
Human needs are generally divided into two groups.
• Primary needs, which in general is a very important need, such as hunger, thirst, sex, sleep, breathe, pleasant temperatures. All these are needs that are very important to a condition a person's survival. Such needs arise by itself or existing since the person was born, so-called primary needs
• Needs Secondary, arising from the interaction between people and the environment, such as the need to compete, hang out, love, self-expression, self-esteem and so on. Secondary needs are the most widely played in one's motivation.
It is the duty of a manager how to motivate subordinates to work that can be obtained in higher productivity. Efforts had been undertaken in motivate people's work can be described as follows:
• give a raise.
• Benefits better.
• more time off.
• Reduce working hours and increase activities outside working hours, such as sports or other recreation.
• Opportunities courses or exercises are beneficial.
• Greater participation in the work.
• Develop better communication among employees.
• As well as the provision of services and other facilities.
In fact, it was the efforts of the above do not give results that can last a long time. Employees still lack the motivation; despite all efforts have been carried out as well as possible.
In such circumstances, the question arises, why not be more motivated employees, but all these efforts are intended to meet the needs of the employees themselves? In connection with this, we need to sharpen a few notions about the motivation.
People needed by the organization are the people who work with high motivation. There is a difference between people who are motivated to work with people who work with high motivation. People who are motivated to work will probably work just because they have to meet vital needs for themselves and their families, such as to obtain health insurance and old age, status, or to obtain a pleasant association. He is not necessarily the job was fun and interesting, not necessarily he will derive satisfaction in carrying out their duties.
Meanwhile, people who work with high motivation are people who feel happy and gain satisfaction in his work. He will be trying to obtain the greatest results in high spirits and always tried to develop tasks and himself.
It has been argued by Frederick Herzberg a model of motivation sharpen our understanding of the effectiveness of motivation in the work situation. According to Herzberg, the system needs the underlying motivations can be divided into two groups:
Hygiene Factors
- Status
- Human relationship
- Supervision
- The regulations of companies and administrations
- Guarantee in work
- Working conditions
- Salaries
- Personal life
Motivational Factors
- The work itself
- Achievement
- Possibility to grow
- Responsibility
- Progress in the department
- Recognition
The needs of the class of Hygiene if they do not get satisfaction will lead to dissatisfaction also in the works. but, when it has been satisfied, and that person will not be satisfied; meaning that he was not motivated to work. Which will lead to high employee motivation is meeting needs that are included in the group Motivational Factors?
Motivators are what will give you job satisfaction. These needs are related to human nature that wants to achieve results (achievement), and the accomplishment of results, experience the development of his personality. Stimuli that would give rise to the need. Development and gratification derived from the tasks in one's work, so from the contents of his work. While the stimulus arising from the needs are very important, someone will get the satisfaction of their work environment.
So, in short, if people want to motivate others to work, then he should think of the satisfaction of motivators, not forgetting that the hygiene factors also had to be met. Gratifying hygiene factors will make people no longer complain, but the satisfaction factor motivator who will encourage people to spend more effort to the will and greater enthusiasm, and for a longer period.
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